इनमें joy, sorrow, surprise आदि प्रकट किया जाता हैं ।
Rule 1: Interjections को समाप्त कर देते हैं क्योकि इनके भाव तो Reporting verb से स्पष्ट हो जाते हैं ।
Interjection - Hurrah से joy, Alas से sorrow, what a तथा how से surprise तथा bravo से approval प्रकट होता है ।
Rule 2: Inverted commas को that में बदल देते हैं ।
Rule 3: Note of exclamation (!) के बदले full stop (.) का प्रयोग करते हैं ।
Rule 4: Person और Tense का परिवर्तन Assertive वाक्य की तरह होता है ।
Rule 5: Reporting verb 'said' के स्थान पर परिवर्तन निम्न प्रकार से करने चाहिए :
i) यदि प्रसन्नता प्रकट की गयी है, तो exclaimed with joy या exclaimed with delight का प्रयोग करते हैं ।
Direct : He said, "Hurrah! I have passed the examination."
Indirect : He exclaimed with delight that he had passed the examination.
ii) यदि शोक प्रकट किया हो, तो exclaimed with sorrow या exclaimed with grief का प्रयोग करते हैं ।
Direct : The student said, "Alas! My friend is dead."
Indirect : The student exclaimed with sorrow that his friend was dead.
iii) यदि प्रशंसा की गयी है, तो praised या applauded का प्रयोग करते है ।
Direct : The soldiers said, "Bravo! We have won."
Indirect : The soldiers applauded they had won.
iv) What a या How से अधिकता प्रकट होती है इसलिए इनके स्थान पर very या great का प्रयोग करते है ।
यदि what a या how के बाद noun आये तो उसे great से बदलते है परन्तु उसके बाद Adjective आने पर उसे very में बदलते हैं इसमें Reporting verb said को exclaimed में बदल देते हैं ।
a) Direct : The child said, "How beautiful the flower is !"
Indirect : The child exclaimed that the flower was very beautiful.
b) Direct : The master said, "What a lazy fellow you are !"
Indirect : The master exclaimed that I was a very lazy fellow.
v) यदि वाक्य में Good Heavens का प्रयोग हो तो Reporting verb को exclaimed with surprise में बदल देते हैं ।
Direct : The old man said, "Good Heavens! The hut has caught fire."
Indirect : The old man exclaimed with surprise that the hut had caught fire.
Recommended Post - Exercises based on the use of Exclamatory Sentences - Direct and Indirect Narration
Rule 1: Interjections को समाप्त कर देते हैं क्योकि इनके भाव तो Reporting verb से स्पष्ट हो जाते हैं ।
Interjection - Hurrah से joy, Alas से sorrow, what a तथा how से surprise तथा bravo से approval प्रकट होता है ।
Rule 2: Inverted commas को that में बदल देते हैं ।
Rule 3: Note of exclamation (!) के बदले full stop (.) का प्रयोग करते हैं ।
Rule 4: Person और Tense का परिवर्तन Assertive वाक्य की तरह होता है ।
Rule 5: Reporting verb 'said' के स्थान पर परिवर्तन निम्न प्रकार से करने चाहिए :
i) यदि प्रसन्नता प्रकट की गयी है, तो exclaimed with joy या exclaimed with delight का प्रयोग करते हैं ।
Direct : He said, "Hurrah! I have passed the examination."
Indirect : He exclaimed with delight that he had passed the examination.
ii) यदि शोक प्रकट किया हो, तो exclaimed with sorrow या exclaimed with grief का प्रयोग करते हैं ।
Direct : The student said, "Alas! My friend is dead."
Indirect : The student exclaimed with sorrow that his friend was dead.
iii) यदि प्रशंसा की गयी है, तो praised या applauded का प्रयोग करते है ।
Direct : The soldiers said, "Bravo! We have won."
Indirect : The soldiers applauded they had won.
iv) What a या How से अधिकता प्रकट होती है इसलिए इनके स्थान पर very या great का प्रयोग करते है ।
यदि what a या how के बाद noun आये तो उसे great से बदलते है परन्तु उसके बाद Adjective आने पर उसे very में बदलते हैं इसमें Reporting verb said को exclaimed में बदल देते हैं ।
a) Direct : The child said, "How beautiful the flower is !"
Indirect : The child exclaimed that the flower was very beautiful.
b) Direct : The master said, "What a lazy fellow you are !"
Indirect : The master exclaimed that I was a very lazy fellow.
v) यदि वाक्य में Good Heavens का प्रयोग हो तो Reporting verb को exclaimed with surprise में बदल देते हैं ।
Direct : The old man said, "Good Heavens! The hut has caught fire."
Indirect : The old man exclaimed with surprise that the hut had caught fire.
Recommended Post - Exercises based on the use of Exclamatory Sentences - Direct and Indirect Narration
Direct and Indirect Narration
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