Home Direct and Indirect Narration Transformation Chart of changes in Indirect Speech (with past tense)

Kind of the sentenceNature of the sentenceReporting verbConjunction
 AssertiveGeneral Statementsaid/toldthat
InterrogativeQuestion(?) mark at the end of a sentence.
(i)Starting with 'who', 'which', 'what', 'why', 'when', 'where', 'how' etc. question words.
(ii)Starting with 'do', 'did', 'is', 'was', 'can', 'shall', 'will', 'have' etc helping verbs.		asked/ enquired of(i)No different connective; Question word use as a conjunction.
(ii) if or whether
Imperativerequest, order, advise etc. The sentence starts with a verb. 
Subject 'you' remains hidden.		requested, 
begged, 
commanded, 
ordered, 
advised, 
forbade		Do not use conjunction after Reporting verb.
OptativeWish cognitive or pray to GodWished or prayedthat
Exclamatorysurprise, sorrow, joy indicator. 
Exclamation (!) mark at the end of the sentence.		exclaimed, 
cried out, 
shouted etc.		that


Direct and Indirect Narration
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Direct and Indirect Narration Transformation

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